A PLASTIC OPERATION FOR APPARENTLY

Low bundle sheath carbonic anhydrase is apparently essential for effective c(4) pathway operation.

Bundle sheath cells from leaves of a variety of C(4) species contained little or no carbonic anhydrase activity. The proportion of total leaf carbonic anhydrase in extracts of bundle sheath cells closely reflected the apparent mesophyll cell contamination of bundle sheath cell extracts as measured by the proportion of the mesophyll cell marker enzymes phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase and pyruvat...

A Short Introduction to Clinical Photography for the Plastic Surgeon

Recent trend of surgery for thumb polydactyly--plastic operation using the removed thumb as fillet pedicle.

The operation method for thumb polydactyly has developed from simple removal, and it has become the standard procedure at present to collect parts to be used from each of the components and reconstruct one thumb. Traditionally this has been accomplished by the bisecting and joining procedure, known as Bilhaut-Cloquet's method, for the distal phalangeal type, and by the extended bisecting and jo...

Stricture caused by a plastic vascular clip used during an operation of minimally invasive esophagectomy.

This article describes the case of a 62-year-old female who had had minimally invasive esophagectomy (Ivor-Lewis) for squamous cell carcinoma of the distal third of the esophagus. The anastomotic stenosis was accompanied by solid food dysphagia and the presence of a foreign body in the esophagus. The foreign body was fixed to the esophageal wall and could not be removed endoscopically. The pati...

Plastic Surgery and Suicide: A Clinical Guide for Plastic Surgeons

Several studies have identified an increased risk of suicide among patient populations which a plastic surgeon may have a high risk of encountering: women undergoing breast augmentation, cosmetic surgery patients, and breast cancer patients. No formal guidelines exist to assist a plastic surgeon when faced with such a patient, and not every plastic surgery team has mental health clinicians that...